The photos above illustrate the effect of botulinum toxin on the frontalis muscle. All photos are taken with the eyebrows raised.

Horizontal forehead lines are caused by the contraction of the frontalis muscle, which is important for eyebrow elevation. Initially these lines only occur when we lift our eyebrows (dynamic lines), however over time they become permanently etched in the skin (static lines). Botulinum toxin if used early can prevent static lines from developing and soften those that are present.

The photos above illustrate the effect of botulinum toxin on the glabellar complex. All photos are taken with the patient frowning.

Frown lines are vertical lines that occur between the eyebrows. They are caused by the contraction of the glabellar complex of muscles which act together to pull the eyebrows towards each other and downwards. Over time these frown lines become static usually as two vertical lines in between the eyebrows.

The photos above illustrate the effect of botulinum toxin to the orbicularis oculi muscle. Both photos involve the patient squinting.

Botulinum toxin is injected into the lateral fibres, causing softening of the crows feet that occur with squinting or smiling.

The before and after photos above illustrate examples of natural looking lip enhancements with dermal filler. The lip can be enhanced with dermal fillers to increase lip volume, to evert the lips and to better define the vermilion border of the lips (where the red of the lip meets the rest of the face).

Dermal fillers can also be used to soften the lines that occur above the upper lip, and to lift the corners of the mouth (oral commissures) once they start to droop. The philtrum and cupids bow can also be better defined, to create a sexier pout.